2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--Converted with LaTeX2HTML 2002-2-1 (1.71)
|
|
|
|
original version by: Nikos Drakos, CBLU, University of Leeds
|
|
|
|
* revised and updated by: Marcus Hennecke, Ross Moore, Herb Swan
|
|
|
|
* with significant contributions from:
|
|
|
|
Jens Lippmann, Marek Rouchal, Martin Wilck and others -->
|
|
|
|
<HTML>
|
|
|
|
<HEAD>
|
2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
<TITLE>Contents</TITLE>
|
|
|
|
<META NAME="description" CONTENT="Contents">
|
|
|
|
<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="book">
|
|
|
|
<META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document">
|
|
|
|
<META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="LaTeX2HTML v2002-2-1">
|
|
|
|
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Style-Type" CONTENT="text/css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="book.css">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<LINK REL="next" HREF="node5.html">
|
|
|
|
<LINK REL="previous" HREF="node3.html">
|
|
|
|
<LINK REL="up" HREF="book.html">
|
|
|
|
<LINK REL="next" HREF="node5.html">
|
|
|
|
</HEAD>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<BODY >
|
|
|
|
<!--Navigation Panel-->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="tex2html463"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node5.html">
|
|
|
|
<IMG WIDTH="37" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="next"
|
2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
SRC="next.png"></A>
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
<A NAME="tex2html459"
|
|
|
|
HREF="book.html">
|
|
|
|
<IMG WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="up"
|
2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
SRC="up.png"></A>
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
<A NAME="tex2html453"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node3.html">
|
|
|
|
<IMG WIDTH="63" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="previous"
|
2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
SRC="prev.png"></A>
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
<A NAME="tex2html461"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node201.html">
|
|
|
|
<IMG WIDTH="43" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="index"
|
2022-04-12 22:02:59 -03:00
|
|
|
SRC="index.png"></A>
|
2022-04-12 21:54:18 -03:00
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html464"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node5.html">Foreword</A>
|
|
|
|
<B> Up:</B> <A NAME="tex2html460"
|
|
|
|
HREF="book.html">book</A>
|
|
|
|
<B> Previous:</B> <A NAME="tex2html454"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node3.html">#1</A>
|
|
|
|
<B> <A NAME="tex2html462"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node201.html">Index</A></B>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<!--End of Navigation Panel-->
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<H2><A NAME="SECTION00200000000000000000">
|
|
|
|
Contents</A>
|
|
|
|
</H2>
|
|
|
|
<!--Table of Contents-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html465"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node7.html">Sinusoids, amplitude and frequency</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html466"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node8.html">Measures of Amplitude</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html467"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node9.html">Units of Amplitude</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html468"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node10.html">Controlling Amplitude</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html469"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node11.html">Frequency</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html470"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node12.html">Synthesizing a sinusoid</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html471"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node13.html">Superposing Signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html472"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node14.html">Periodic Signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html473"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node15.html">About the Software Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html474"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node18.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html475"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node26.html">Wavetables and samplers</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html476"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node27.html">The Wavetable Oscillator</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html477"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node28.html">Sampling</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html478"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node29.html">Enveloping samplers</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html479"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node30.html">Timbre stretching</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html480"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node31.html">Interpolation</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html481"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node32.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html482"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node40.html">Audio and control computations</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html483"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node41.html">The sampling theorem</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html484"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node42.html">Control</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html485"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node43.html">Control streams</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html486"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node44.html">Converting from audio signals to numeric control streams</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html487"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node45.html">Control streams in block diagrams</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html488"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node46.html">Event detection</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html489"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node47.html">Audio signals as control</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html490"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node48.html">Operations on control streams</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html491"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node49.html">Control operations in Pd</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html492"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node50.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html493"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node58.html">Automation and voice management</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html494"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node59.html">Envelope Generators</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html495"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node60.html">Linear and Curved Amplitude Shapes</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html496"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node61.html">Continuous and discontinuous control changes</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html497"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node62.html">Muting</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html498"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node63.html">Switch-and-ramp</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html499"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node64.html">Polyphony</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html500"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node65.html">Voice allocation</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html501"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node66.html">Voice tags</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html502"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node67.html">Encapsulation in Pd</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html503"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node68.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html504"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node75.html">Modulation</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html505"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node76.html">Taxonomy of spectra</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html506"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node77.html">Multiplying audio signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html507"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node78.html">Waveshaping</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html508"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node79.html">Frequency and phase modulation</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html509"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node80.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html510"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node89.html">Designer spectra</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html511"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node90.html">Carrier/modulator model</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html512"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node91.html">Pulse trains</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html513"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node92.html">Pulse trains via waveshaping</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html514"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node93.html">Pulse trains via wavetable stretching</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html515"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node94.html">Resulting spectra</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html516"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node95.html">Movable ring modulation</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html517"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node96.html">Phase-aligned formant (PAF) generator</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html518"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node97.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html519"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node104.html">Time shifts and delays</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html520"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node105.html">Complex numbers</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html521"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node106.html">Complex sinusoids</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html522"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node107.html">Time shifts and phase changes</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html523"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node108.html">Delay networks</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html524"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node109.html">Recirculating delay networks</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html525"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node110.html">Power conservation and complex delay networks</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html526"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node111.html">Artificial reverberation</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html527"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node112.html">Controlling reverberators</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html528"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node113.html">Variable and fractional shifts</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html529"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node114.html">Fidelity of interpolating delay lines</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html530"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node115.html">Pitch shifting</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html531"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node116.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html532"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node127.html">Filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html533"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node128.html">Taxonomy of filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html534"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node129.html">Low-pass and high-pass filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html535"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node130.html">Band-pass and stop-band filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html536"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node131.html">Equalizing filters</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html537"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node132.html">Elementary filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html538"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node133.html">Elementary non-recirculating filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html539"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node134.html">Non-recirculating filter, second form</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html540"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node135.html">Elementary recirculating filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html541"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node136.html">Compound filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html542"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node137.html">Real outputs from complex filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html543"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node138.html">Two recirculating filters for the price of one</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html544"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node139.html">Designing filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html545"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node140.html">One-pole low-pass filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html546"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node141.html">One-pole, one-zero high-pass filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html547"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node142.html">Shelving filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html548"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node143.html">Band-pass filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html549"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node144.html">Peaking and stop-band filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html550"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node145.html">Butterworth filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html551"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node146.html">Stretching the unit circle with rational functions</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html552"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node147.html">Butterworth band-pass filter</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html553"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node148.html">Time-varying coefficients</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html554"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node149.html">Impulse responses of recirculating filters</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html555"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node150.html">All-pass filters</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html556"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node151.html">Applications</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html557"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node152.html">Subtractive synthesis</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html558"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node153.html">Envelope following</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html559"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node154.html">Single Sideband Modulation</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html560"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node155.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html561"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node163.html">Fourier analysis and resynthesis</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html562"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node164.html">Fourier analysis of periodic signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html563"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node165.html">Periodicity of the Fourier transform</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html564"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node166.html">Fourier transform as additive synthesis</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html565"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node167.html">Properties of Fourier transforms</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html566"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node168.html">Fourier transform of DC</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html567"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node169.html">Shifts and phase changes</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html568"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node170.html">Fourier transform of a sinusoid</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html569"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node171.html">Fourier analysis of non-periodic signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html570"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node172.html">Fourier analysis and reconstruction of audio signals</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html571"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node173.html">Narrow-band companding</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html572"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node174.html">Timbre stamping (classical vocoder)</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html573"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node175.html">Phase</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html574"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node176.html">Phase relationships between channels</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html575"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node177.html">Phase bashing</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html576"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node178.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html577"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node184.html">Classical waveforms</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html578"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node185.html">Symmetries and Fourier series</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html579"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node186.html">Sawtooth waves and symmetry</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html580"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node187.html">Dissecting classical waveforms</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html581"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node188.html">Fourier series of the elementary waveforms</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html582"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node189.html">Sawtooth wave</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html583"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node190.html">Parabolic wave</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html584"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node191.html">Square and symmetric triangle waves</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html585"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node192.html">General (non-symmetric) triangle wave</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html586"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node193.html">Predicting and controlling foldover</A>
|
|
|
|
<UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html587"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node194.html">Over-sampling</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html588"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node195.html">Sneaky triangle waves</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html589"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node196.html">Transition splicing</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html590"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node197.html">Examples</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<BR>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html591"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node201.html">Index</A>
|
|
|
|
<LI><A NAME="tex2html592"
|
|
|
|
HREF="node202.html">Bibliography</A>
|
|
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<!--End of Table of Contents-->
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<BR><HR>
|
|
|
|
<ADDRESS>
|
|
|
|
Miller Puckette
|
|
|
|
2006-12-30
|
|
|
|
</ADDRESS>
|
|
|
|
</BODY>
|
|
|
|
</HTML>
|